The ability of temperature sensing is conferred by a group of ion channels from the TRPV (vanilloid), TRPM (melastatin), TRPC (canonical) and TRPA (ankyrin) families that are mainly localized on neurones of nociceptive pathways. We try to clarify the nociceptive mechanisms underlying thermosensation at peripheral nerve endings by focusing especially on TRPV1, TRPV3, TRPM8, and TRPA1.